Biowaste Valorization to Produce Advance Carbon Material-Hydrochar for Potential Application of Cr (VI) and Cd (II) Adsorption in Wastewater: A Review

The dramatic increase in the use of biomass waste has caused a serious environmental pollution phenomenon. Biowaste valorization to produce advanced material-hydrochar is regarded as promising carbon neutrality technology for recycling and utilization. Hydrochar obtained by hydrothermal carbonization attracted much attention due its regular morphology, good physical chemical stability, abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on surface. This reviews preparation hydrochar basic methods modified expounds related reaction mechanism adsorption. adsorption recovery heavy metals, Cr (VI) Cd (II), wastewater were focused on. experimental conditions hydrochar, such synthesis temperature, time, condition, capacity, isotherm, kinetics, compared. (II) wastewater, including pH value, so on, have been summarized. review develops better understanding making an innovative perspective improvement large-scale application material well biowaste